Tranquebar coins
Frederik
3rd. 1648 - 1670
When the
Danish king Christian IV. died in 1648, he left an
impoverished country to his son Frederik III. Because of poverty and war with
Sweden, it was not possible to send any ships to India from 1639 to 1668. So during 29 years no supply or soldiers were send to
Trankebar.
During the
many years without contact to Denmark the Danish
garrison on the fort had diminished. When the first Danish ship in 1669 arrived
after the long break, only one Dane was still in in the colony. It was the
governor Eskild Andersen.
It was due to
Eskild Andersen that the fort and the town had remained in Danish hand.
By trade and
war, he earned enough money to employ people at the fort Dansborg garrison. The
Nayak of Tanjore tried to take advantage of the weakened position of the Danes
and demanded a big sum of money. Once he besieged the fort for nine month.
The reason for
the successful Danish resistance in this long period, where the Danish position
were really weak, might be the weakness itself. All
bigger powers in the area, the Nayak, the Dutch and the British tried to
exploit the Danes. But all of them preferred a weak
Danish position for a stronger position of one of their opponents.
The succession
of coins in this article is made by dated coins, overstamped coins and coins with the same obverse.
Coins number
49 - 61 are mentioned in the most likely succession of
minting. Coins number 62 - 89
represent a provincial coat of arms series. They all have
different provincial coat of arms, a crown or an elephant. The provincial coat
of arms, a crown or an elephant may all be inspired by
a big Danish silver coin from Christian 4. or Frederik
3. with all the provincial coat of arms, crown and
elephant as can be seen on this Christian 4th Specie thaler.
Christian 4th Specie thaler
On many coins
of the coat of arms series one or two letters are
added. The first time the coat of arms in question is used, there is no letter.
The following time the same motif is used a letter is added. The letters are
used almost in alphabetical order: Fish A, Lamb b,
Horse c, Lion DC, Lion E, Lamb F, Lion I, Cross JO, Fish N, Nettle-leaf o, Swan
S.
The coat of
arms series are not mentioned completely in order of
minting. Here all coins with the same provincial coat of arms are mentioned together.
All lead coins
of F III are one kas starting with a weight of 3.5 g and ending with a weight
of about 2.3 g in the last part of his reign. The first copper kas in Trankebar
was minted in the end of the reign of Frederik III. 1
kas weighing 1,1 g and 2 kas 1667 weighing 2,3 g.
The numbers in
this article are based on the Standard Catalog of
World Coins 1601 - 1700
by L. Krause and Clifford Mishler (KM).
Lead coins.
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49. |
Obverse: Reverse: |
Crowned F F.3RD
(See: Arumugam ) (See: Cointrade in Tranquebar ) |
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50. |
Obverse: |
Crowned F.3 (obverse 1.) the coins KM
50 - KM 56 have the same obverse :D.B:
1650 B is abbreviation for
Dansborg. |
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Reverse: |
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51. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
50. (obverse 1.) |
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Reverse: |
.CH.
1650 CH refers
to the ship Christianshafn. The same ship is also mentioned
on the coin from Christian 4. CH CAS 1645 (KM 34) |
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52. |
Obverse: Reverse: |
Same as KM
50. (obverse 1.) .S.P.P.50 SPP refers to
the yacht St Peter and St Paul. The yacht was included in the Danish fleet
around 1645. The same yacht is mentioned on the coin
from Christian 4. SP.S:P 1646 DB
(KM 40) (See: Tranquebar coins with ships names ) .S.P.P.50 is found struck on KM 50
:D.B:1650 |
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53. |
Obverse: |
Same as K
50. (obverse 1.) |
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Reverse: |
.D:B: DB is abbreviation for Dansborg. |
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.D:B: is found struck on KM 52
.S.P.P.50 |
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54. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
50. (obverse 1.) |
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Reverse: |
HAAB with ~ above and . below. Haab means hope in Danish |
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HAAB is
found struck on KM 53
.D:B: |
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55. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
50. (obverse 1.) |
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Reverse: |
Cross in a circle. |
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Cross in a cirkel is found struck
on KM 54 HAAB |
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56. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
50. (obverse 1.) |
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Reverse: |
NOR |
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NOR is found
struck on KM 55 |
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57. |
Obverse: Reverse: |
Crowned F.3 with a line in between the crown and F3
(obverse 2.). The coins KM 57 - KM 60 have the same obverse .S.P.P.50 Same as KM 52 (See: Tranquebar coins with ships names ) KM 57 is
found struck on KM 59 :D:B:
1652 |
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58. |
Obverse: |
Same as K
57. (obverse 2) |
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Reverse: |
NOR Same as K 56 |
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59. |
Obverse: |
Same as K
57. (obverse
2.) |
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Reverse: |
:D.B:
1652 |
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Note:
overprints on KM 56 NOR exist |
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60. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
57. (obverse
2.) |
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Reverse: |
PAX with a dot above and below A. |
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Note:
overprints on KM 57 exist |
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61. |
Obverse: |
Crowned F.3 with a line in between the crown and F3 (obverse
3.). The coins KM 61 64, KM 66, KM 69 and KM 70 have the same obverse |
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Reverse: |
CAS with a dot above and below A. |
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Note:
overprints on KM 60 exist |
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62. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
61. (obverse
3.). |
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Reverse: |
Crown |
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Note:
overprints on KM 63 exist |
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63. |
Obverse: |
Same as K
61. (obverse 3) |
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Reverse: |
The tree Union Crowns The tree Union
Crowns are the emblem of the United Kingdom of Denmark Norway and Sweden. |
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Note:
overprints on KM 61 exist |
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64. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
61. (obverse
3.) |
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Reverse: |
The Ditmarsk Horseman |
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Note:
overprints on KM 62 exist (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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65. |
Obverse: |
Obverse
6. Same as KM 67, KM 73, KM 81 and KM
86. |
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Reverse: |
The Ditmarsk Horseman above
recumbent c. (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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66. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
61. (obverse
3.) |
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Reverse: |
Codfish of Iceland (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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67. |
Obverse: Reverse: |
Same as KM
65. (obverse
6.) Stamp cracks
up from 3. (See: Stamp cracks ) Codfish of Iceland A (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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68. |
Obverse: |
Obverse
8. Same as KM 74, KM 78, KM 82, KM 83,
KM 87 and KM 88 |
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Reverse: |
Codfish of Iceland N (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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69. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
61. (obverse
3.) |
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Reverse: |
Norwegian lion to the right |
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Note:
overprints on KM 65 exist (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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70. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
61. (obverse
3.) |
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Reverse: |
Nettle-leaf of Holstein |
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Note:
overprints on KM 69 exist (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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71. |
Obverse: |
Obverse
9. Same as KM 89. Nettle-leaf of Holstein O (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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Reverse: |
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72,1 |
Obverse: |
Obverse 4. |
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Reverse: |
The Lamb of Gotland to the
right with flag |
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Note:
overprints on KM 70 exist |
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72,2 |
Obverse |
Overse 4. Only used
for KM 72,1 and KM 72,2 |
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Reverse |
Nettle-leaf of Holstein (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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73. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
65. (obverse
6.) (See: Stamp cracks ) |
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Reverse: |
The Lamb of Gotland b to the left with flag (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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74. |
Obverse: Reverse: |
Same as KM
68. (obverse
8.) The Lamb of Gotland F to the left with flag (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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75. |
Obverse: |
Obverse
5. Same as KM 76, KM 79, KM 80 and KM
85. |
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Reverse: |
The Wendish Dragon |
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Note:
overprints on KM 69 and KM 72 exist |
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76. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
75. (obverse
5.) |
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Reverse: |
The Cross of Delmenhorst (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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77. |
Obverse: |
Obverse
7. Same as KM 84. |
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Reverse: |
The Cross of Delmenhorst e |
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Note:
overprints on KM 65 exist, (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) . |
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78. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
68. (obverse 8) |
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Reverse: |
The Cross of Delmenhorst JO (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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79. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
75. (obverse 5) |
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Reverse: |
Elephant. From the Danish order of elephant. This
elephant is also seen on the coin with the provincial code of arms |
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80. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
75. (obverse 5) |
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Reverse: |
Norwegian Lion to the left |
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81. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
65. (obverse 6) (See: Stamp cracks ) |
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Reverse: |
Norwegian Lion E to the left (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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82. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
68. (obverse 8) |
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Reverse: |
Norwegian Lion DC to the left (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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83. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
68. (obverse 8) |
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Reverse: |
Norwegian Lion over I
to the left (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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84. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
77. (obverse 7) |
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Reverse: |
Lion of Slesvig One of the two lions from the code of arms
of Slesvig (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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85. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
75. (obverse 5) |
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Reverse: |
The Gothic Lion to the left over 9 hearts |
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86. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
65. (obverse 6) |
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Reverse: |
Nine Hearts |
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Note:
overprints on KM 79 exist |
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87. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
68. (obverse 8) |
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Reverse: |
Flower |
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88. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
68. (obverse 8) |
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Reverse: |
Flower 7 6? |
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89. |
Obverse: |
Same as KM
71. (obverse 9) |
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Reverse: |
The Swan of Stormarn S (See: Letters on F3. lead coins ) |
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Copper coins |
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110 |
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Copper Kas
1,1 g |
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Obverse: |
Crowned F 3 |
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Reverse: |
Norwegian Lion to the left |
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111 |
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Copper 2 Kas
2,3 g |
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Obverse: |
Crowned F 3 ANO
. 1667 |
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Reverse: |
Norwegian Lion to the left |
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The 2 kas copper coin is not as common as the 1 kas copper coin.
The 1 kas copper was later used as flans for the first
copper kas minted during the reign of Christian V.